{"id":624,"date":"2020-03-24T19:45:44","date_gmt":"2020-03-24T19:45:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/?page_id=624"},"modified":"2022-10-05T17:18:26","modified_gmt":"2022-10-05T17:18:26","slug":"7-2-%d1%8d%d0%ba%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d1%8c-%d1%82-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%b8-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d1%81%d0%bf%d0%b5%d1%80","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/?page_id=624","title":{"rendered":"7.2. \u042d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0422-\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u044d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0422-\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u044b \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( \\{x_1,x_2,x_3 \\}\u00a0 \\)\u00a0 \u00a0\u0438\u00a0 \\( \\{y_1,y_2,y_3 \\} \\)<\/span>\u200b, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044e. \u0412 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( \\overline{x}=-\\overline{y} \\)<\/span>\u200b. \u041e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( \\overline{x}=a, \\overline{y}=b \\)<\/span>\u200b \u00a0\u0441 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c <em>b<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em>=\u00a0\u2212<em>a<\/em>. \u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b (\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043c\u044b \u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c):<\/p>\n<table class=\"tab_my\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"34\">\u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( x_1 \\)<\/span>\u200b<\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">\u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( y_1 \\)<\/span><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\" width=\"30\">=<\/td>\n<td width=\"30\">\u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( a \\)<\/span>\u200b<\/td>\n<td width=\"30\"><span class=\"math inherit-color _focus\">\\( b \\)<\/span>\u200b<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\" width=\"30\">+<\/td>\n<td width=\"57\"><span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( x_1\u00a0-a\\)<span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; background-color: #ffffff;\">\u200b<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"60\">\u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( y_1\u00a0-b\\)<br \/>\n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"34\"><span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( x_2 \\)<\/span>\u200b<\/td>\n<td width=\"36\"><span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( y_2 \\)<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"30\"><span class=\"math inherit-color _focus\">\\( a \\)<\/span>\u200b<\/td>\n<td width=\"30\"><span class=\"math inherit-color _focus\">\\( b \\)<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"57\"><span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( x_2\u00a0-a\\)<span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; background-color: #ffffff;\">\u200b<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"60\">\u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( y_2\u00a0-b\\)<br \/>\n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"34\">\u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( x_3 \\)<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">\u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( y3 \\)<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"30\"><em><span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( a \\)<\/span>\u200b<\/em><\/td>\n<td width=\"30\"><span class=\"math inherit-color _focus\">\\( b \\)<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"57\"><span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( x_3\u00a0-a\\)<span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; background-color: #ffffff;\">\u200b<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"60\">\u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( y_3\u00a0-b\\)<br \/>\n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( 2\u22121\u00a0=\u00a01 \\)<\/span>\u200b, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( 2(3\u22121) = 4 \\)<\/span>\u200b.<\/p>\n<p><em>F<\/em>-\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n<p class=\"math inherit-color\">\\[ F_4^1=\\frac{(3a^2+3b^2)}{((x_1-a)^2+(x_2-a)^2+(x_3-a)^2+(y_1-b)^2+(y_2-b)^2+(y_3-b)^2)\/(2(3-1))}. \\]<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438 (\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f), \u0430 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438:<\/p>\n<p class=\"math inherit-color _focus\">\\[ F_4^1=\\frac{2*(a^2+b^2)}{((x_1-a)^2+(x_2-a)^2+(x_3-a)^2+(y_1-b)^2+(y_2-b)^2+(y_3-b)^2)\/(3-1)}\\cdot3. \\]<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0422-\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<p class=\"math inherit-color _focus\">\\[ T_4=\\frac{a-b}{\\sqrt{((x_1-a)^2+(x_2-a)^2+(x_3-a)^2+(y_1-b)^2+(y_2-b)^2+(y_3-b)^2)\/(3-1)}}\\cdot\\sqrt{3}. \\]<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c <em>T<\/em> \u0432 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442, \u0442\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 <em>a<\/em>=\u2212<em>b<\/em>, \u0442\u043e \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( 2*(a^2+b^2)=4a^2 \\)<\/span>\u200b\u00a0\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( (a-b)^2=(2a)^2=4a^2 \\)<\/span>\u200b. \u041c\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color\">\\( (T_4)^2=F_4^1 \\)<\/span>\u200b (\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0432 T &#8212; \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b). \u041f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u0430 <em>n<\/em> \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0439 <em>n<\/em> \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u044b 3 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0442\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( t_{0.05}^{17}=t \\)<\/span>\u200b\u00a0\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c 5-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0442\u044c\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 17 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( F_{17}^1 \\)<\/span>\u200b\u00a05%-\u0439 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u200b<span class=\"math inherit-color \">\\( t^2 \\)<\/span>\u200b. \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u00ab\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u00bb \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/?page_id=636\">&gt;&gt; \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444&gt;&gt;<\/a><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u044d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0422-\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u044b \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b. \u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u200b\\( \\{x_1,x_2,x_3 \\}\u00a0 \\)\u00a0 \u00a0\u0438\u00a0 \\( \\{y_1,y_2,y_3 \\} \\)\u200b, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/?page_id=624\" class=\"read-more\">\u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 &#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":679,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-624","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"wps_subtitle":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=624"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1439,"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/624\/revisions\/1439"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/679"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/handbook.mathpsy.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}